Delta-Notch signaling is a universal cell-cell communication pathway crucial for numerous developmental and physiological processes. Several proteins interact with and regulate the Notch pathway, including the E3 ubiquitin ligase Neuralized (Neur) that influences the stability and activity of Notch ligands. In mammals there are two homologs of Neur, Neur1 and Neur2, that both can interact with Notch ligands Delta-like1 and Jagged1. Here, we show that Neur2, in contrast to Neur1, is highly expressed during embryonic development of the brain and several non-neural tissues and its mRNA levels subside postnatally. In the hippocampal neurons of the adult brain Neur2 transcripts, in contrast to Neur1, are excluded from the dendrites. Neur2 protein has a predominantly cytoplasmic localization. We also show that in addition to Delta-like1, Neur1 and Neur2 interact with another Notch ligand, Delta-like4.
Catalysis of the joining of two substances, or two groups within a single molecule, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate.
A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to the receptor Notch on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
Protein involved in the Notch signaling, a signaling pathway involved in cell-cell communications that regulates a broad spectrum of cell- fate determinations. Notch proteins are transmembrane receptors, which are cleaved by the gamma-secretase complex upon activation and released from the cell membrane and turn into transcriptional activators after their association with SU(H) proteins.
Protein involved in ubiquitin-like modifier processing, activation, conjugation or deconjugation such as Ubl-activating enzymes (E1s), Ubl-conjugating enzymes (E2s), Ubl-protein ligases (E3s), some thiol proteases (Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolases (UCH), Ubiquitin- specific processing proteases (UBP) and ubiquitin-like proteases) and the ubiquitin-like modifier proteins. Besides signaling proteolysis, ubiquitination for example can be a signal for trafficking, kinase activation and other nonproteolytic fates.
Enzyme that catalyzes the joining of two molecules coupled with the breakdown of a pyrophosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate. Sometimes the terms "synthase", "synthetase" or "carboxylase" are also used for this class of enzymes.
A reference proteome is a set of protein sequences derived from a complete proteome which constitutes a defined standard for a particular user community. Reference proteomes are manually defined according to a number of criteria. They cover the proteomes of well- studied model organisms and other proteomes of interest for biomedical and biotechnological research. Reference proteomes have been selected to provide broad coverage of the tree of life, and constitute a representative cross-section of the taxonomic diversity to be found within UniProtKB.
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