Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine).
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine).
J. Leukoc. Biol. 59, 763-768 (1996)[PubMed:8656064]
Cytotoxic lymphocytes possess a number of serine proteases (granzymes) usually localized in cytoplasmic granules. To date, the DNA sequences of four human granzymes have been reported. A fifth human granzyme (granzyme 3) has been biochemically purified and its N-terminal amino acid sequence has been reported. This enzyme was described as possessing tryptase activity, cleaving synthetic substrates after arginine or lysine. We recently cloned a rat granzyme tryptase (RNK-Tryp-2), and used this cDNA to screen human cDNA libraries. Isolation of cDNA fragments of a human gene could be overlapped to provide a complete cDNA sequence, which we designated HNK-Tryp-2. The N-terminal amino acid sequence deduced from HNK-Tryp-2 was identical to that reported for granzyme 3. This gene appears to be a single copy gene that is expressed in isolated natural killer cells and T cells as well as in tissues containing these cells.
Enzyme which catalyzes hydrolysis reaction, i.e. the addition of the hydrogen and hydroxyl ions of water to a molecule with its consequent splitting into two or more simpler molecules.
Proteolytic enzyme with a serine residue (Ser) in its active site. The reactivity of the serine residue is ensured by the vicinity of a histidine and an aspartate residue (catalytic triad), all three residues are required for the charge relay system to take place.
A reference proteome is a set of protein sequences derived from a complete proteome which constitutes a defined standard for a particular user community. Reference proteomes are manually defined according to a number of criteria. They cover the proteomes of well- studied model organisms and other proteomes of interest for biomedical and biotechnological research. Reference proteomes have been selected to provide broad coverage of the tree of life, and constitute a representative cross-section of the taxonomic diversity to be found within UniProtKB.
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