J. Biol. Chem. 271, 23395-23399 (1996)[PubMed:8798544]
Hyaluronan is a constituent of the extracellular matrix of connective tissue and is actively synthesized during wound healing and tissue repair to provide a framework for ingrowth of blood vessels and fibroblasts. Changes in the serum concentration of hyaluronan are associated with inflammatory and degenerative arthropathies such as rheumatoid arthritis. In addition, hyaluronan has been implicated as an important substrate for migration of adhesion of leukocytes during inflammation. A human hyaluronan synthase (HuHAS1) cDNA was isolated by a functional expression cloning approach. Transfection of CHO cells conferred hyaluronidase-sensitive adhesiveness of a mucosal T cell line via the lymphocyte hyaluronan receptor, CD44, as well as increased hyaluronan levels in the cultures of transfected cells. The HuHAS1 amino acid sequence shows considerable homology to the hasA gene product of Streptococcus pyogenes, a glycosaminoglycan synthetase from Xenopus laevis (DG42), and is the human homolog of a recently described murine hyaluronan synthase.
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a platelet-derived growth factor stimulus.
The glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan is important in many tissuerepair processes. We have investigated the synthesis of hyaluronan in a panel of cell lines of fibroblastic and epithelial origin in response to PDGF (platelet-derived growth factor)-BB and other growth factors. Human dermal fibroblasts exhibited the highest hyaluronan-synthesizing activity in response to PDGF-BB. Analysis of HAS (hyaluronan synthase) and HYAL (hyaluronidase) mRNA expression showed that PDGF-BB treatment induced a 3-fold increase in the already high level of HAS2 mRNA, and increases in HAS1 and HYAL1 mRNA, whereas the levels of HAS3 and HYAL2 mRNA were not affected. Furthermore, PDGF-BB also increased the amount and activity of HAS2 protein, but not of HYAL1 and HYAL2 proteins. Using inhibitors for MEK1/2 [MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase)/ERK (extracellular-signal-regulated kinase) kinase 1/2] (U0126) and for PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase) (LY294002), as well as the SN50 inhibitor, which prevents translocation of the active NF-kappaB (nuclear factor kappaB) to the nucleus, we observed a complete inhibition of both HAS2 transcriptional activity and hyaluronan synthesis, whereas inhibitors of other signalling pathways were without any significant effect. TGF-beta1 (transforming growth factor-beta1) did not increase the activity of hyaluronan synthesis in dermal fibroblasts, but increased the activity of HYALs. Importantly, inhibition of hyaluronan binding to its receptor CD44 by the monoclonal antibody Hermes-1, inhibited PDGF-BB-stimulated [3H]thymidine incorporation of dermal fibroblasts. We conclude that the ERK MAPK and PI3K signalling pathways are necessary for the regulation of hyaluronan synthesis by PDGF-BB, and that prevention of its binding to CD44 inhibits PDGF-BB-induced cell growth.
J. Biol. Chem. 271, 23395-23399 (1996)[PubMed:8798544]
Hyaluronan is a constituent of the extracellular matrix of connective tissue and is actively synthesized during wound healing and tissue repair to provide a framework for ingrowth of blood vessels and fibroblasts. Changes in the serum concentration of hyaluronan are associated with inflammatory and degenerative arthropathies such as rheumatoid arthritis. In addition, hyaluronan has been implicated as an important substrate for migration of adhesion of leukocytes during inflammation. A human hyaluronan synthase (HuHAS1) cDNA was isolated by a functional expression cloning approach. Transfection of CHO cells conferred hyaluronidase-sensitive adhesiveness of a mucosal T cell line via the lymphocyte hyaluronan receptor, CD44, as well as increased hyaluronan levels in the cultures of transfected cells. The HuHAS1 amino acid sequence shows considerable homology to the hasA gene product of Streptococcus pyogenes, a glycosaminoglycan synthetase from Xenopus laevis (DG42), and is the human homolog of a recently described murine hyaluronan synthase.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hyaluronan, the naturally occurring anionic form of hyaluronic acid, any member of a group of glycosaminoglycans, the repeat units of which consist of beta-1,4 linked D-glucuronyl-beta-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine.
Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of fibroblast cell migration. Fibroblast cell migration is accomplished by extension and retraction of a pseudopodium.
Evidence
1:
Inferred from Mutant PhenotypeUniProtKB
BACKGROUND: Hyaluronan (HA) a glycosaminoglycan, is capable of transmitting extracellular matrix derived signals to regulate cellular functions. In this study, we investigated whether the changes in HT1080 and B6FS fibrosarcoma cell lines HA metabolism induced by basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) are correlated to their migration. METHODS: Real-time PCR, in vitro wound healing assay, siRNA transfection, enzyme digestions, western blotting and immunofluorescence were utilized. RESULTS: bFGF inhibited the degradation of HA by decreasing hyaluronidase-2 expression in HT1080 cells (p=0.0028), increased HA-synthase-1 and -2 expression as we previously found and enhanced high molecular weight HA deposition in the pericellular matrix. Increased endogenous HA production (p=0.0022) and treatment with exogenous high molecular weight HA (p=0.0268) correlated with a significant decrease of HT1080 cell migration capacity. Transfection with siHAS2 and siHAS1 showed that mainly HAS1 synthesized high molecular weight HA regulates HT1080 cell motility. Induced degradation of the HA content by hyaluronidase treatment and addition of low molecular weight HA, resulted in a significant stimulation of HT1080 cells' motility (p<0.01). In contrast, no effects on B6FS fibrosarcoma cell motility were observed. CONCLUSIONS: bFGF regulates, in a cell-specific manner the migration capability of fibrosarcoma cells by modulating their HA metabolism. HA metabolism is suggested to be a potential therapeutic target in fibrosarcoma.
Enzymes that catalyze the transfer of glycosyl (sugar) residues to an acceptor, both during degradation (cosubstrates= water or inorganic phosphate) and during biosynthesis of polysaccharides, glycoproteins and glycolipids. In biosynthetic glycosyl transfers, the common activated monomeric sugar intermediate is a nucleoside diphosphate sugar.
A reference proteome is a set of protein sequences derived from a complete proteome which constitutes a defined standard for a particular user community. Reference proteomes are manually defined according to a number of criteria. They cover the proteomes of well- studied model organisms and other proteomes of interest for biomedical and biotechnological research. Reference proteomes have been selected to provide broad coverage of the tree of life, and constitute a representative cross-section of the taxonomic diversity to be found within UniProtKB.
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