Involved in the lipid remodeling steps of GPI-anchor maturation. Required for stable expression of GPI-anchored proteins at the cell surface (By similarity).
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor that attaches some membrane proteins to the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane. The phosphatidylinositol group is linked via the C-6 hydroxyl residue of inositol to a carbohydrate chain which is itself linked to the protein via an ethanolamine phosphate group, its amino group forming an amide linkage with the C-terminal carboxyl of the protein. Some GPI anchors have variants on this canonical linkage.
Protein involved in the synthesis or the attachment to a protein of a GPI-anchor (glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor) or a GPI-like-anchor (glycosylsphingolipidinositol anchor), both of which have complex oligoglycan linked to a phospholipidinositol molecule that serves to attach the C-terminus of some extracellular membrane proteins to the lipid bilayer of a membrane. The core glycolipid is composed of a tetraglycan: three mannose units and one glucosamine linked to a phospholipidinositol. The terminal mannose is linked to the protein via an ethanolamine attached to the C-terminal of the mature protein. The core structure is conserved from protozoa to humans. There are, however, marked differences in the glycosyl side chains attached to the core glycolipid. The phospholipid component may be either a phosphatide (two long chain fatty acids attached by ester linkage to glycerol phosphate) or a sphingolipid (a long chain fatty acid attached by amide linkage to a ceramide phosphate). Some yeast and Dictyosteliida synthesize the GPI-like anchor de novo, whereas other organisms may interconvert the lipid components by a "resculpting" process after the anchor is attached to the protein.
A reference proteome is a set of protein sequences derived from a complete proteome which constitutes a defined standard for a particular user community. Reference proteomes are manually defined according to a number of criteria. They cover the proteomes of well- studied model organisms and other proteomes of interest for biomedical and biotechnological research. Reference proteomes have been selected to provide broad coverage of the tree of life, and constitute a representative cross-section of the taxonomic diversity to be found within UniProtKB.
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